S 56 - Aradus, bronze, NC, 206-51 BC
From SILVER
206 BCE - 51 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Zeus right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Spur |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aradus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Syria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 206 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 51 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.40 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
S 56 - Aradus, bronze, NC, 206-51 BC.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Duyrat 20051Duyrat 2005, p. 56-64, no. 1769-2219 (series 5). | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 184 | 69.17 | 184 | 46.35 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 110, 113, 114, 117, 118, 119, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 133, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 165, 166, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 189, 190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 203, 204, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 218, 221, 222, 224, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256, 258, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266 |
| 2 | 52 | 19.55 | 104 | 26.2 | 7, 18, 29, 33, 36, 47, 49, 53, 61, 64, 65, 66, 74, 86, 101, 104, 111, 115, 120, 121, 130, 134, 136, 141, 149, 155, 156, 158, 163, 167, 171, 197, 198, 200, 202, 205, 207, 214, 219, 220, 223, 225, 226, 228, 229, 235, 242, 248, 249, 250, 254, 257 |
| 3 | 19 | 7.14 | 57 | 14.36 | 8, 11, 39, 42, 62, 84, 109, 112, 116, 129, 147, 170, 183, 184, 186, 187, 199, 217, 259 |
| 4 | 6 | 2.26 | 24 | 6.05 | 23, 75, 132, 185, 193, 201 |
| 5 | 3 | 1.13 | 15 | 3.78 | 148, 169, 188 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.38 | 6 | 1.51 | 122 |
| 7 | 1 | 0.38 | 7 | 1.76 | 168 |
| Total | 266 of 266 | 100.01 | 397 of 397 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 266 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 184 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 362 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 397 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.49 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.1 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.36 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 69.17 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 645.66 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 12,913,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 806.12 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 53.65% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,229.75 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 3,074.37 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Duyrat, Frédérique (2005), Arados hellénistique. Etude historique et monétaire, Beirut
