S 383 - Messene, bronze (191-146 BCE)
From SILVER
191 BCE - 146 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Zeus Homarios left, naked, holding Nike stephanephoros in right hand and scepter in left hand. In field, ΔΕΞΙΑΣ. Border of dots. |
| Reverse: | AXAIΩN MEΣΣΑΝΙΩΝ (Greek).Personification of Achaea seating left, wearing chiton and peplos, holding wreath in right hand and scepter in left hand. Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Messene | Ancient region: | Peloponnesus | Modern country: Greece | Authority: | Achaean League |
Chronology
| From | 191 BCE | to | 146 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
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Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
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Denomination: | Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Warren 2007, p. 30-31, no. 480-508. | ||
| Coin series reference: | |||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 14 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 21 | Number of coins (n) | 29 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.45 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.38 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.05 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 70 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 51.48 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 1,029,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 64.44 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 51.72% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,126.65 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 2,816.63 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Warren, Jennifer A. W. (2007), The Bronze Coinage of the Achaian Koinon. The Currency of a Federal Ideal, Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication 42, London, xvi, 212 p., 39 pl.
