S 270 - Laodiceia ad Mare, silver, tetradrachms (78/7-62/1 BCE)
From SILVER
78 BCE - 61 BCE Silver 4,839 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Veiled, draped, and turreted bust of Tyche right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | (Greek).Zeus Nikephoros seated left, ΔK (date) to inner left, monogram below throne, KA in exergue, all within wreath. Mørkholm, Autonomous 14a (obv. die 22) |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Laodiceia ad Mare | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria | Modern countryModern country: Syria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 78 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 61 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 15.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
S270 Laodiceia tetradrachm.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Callataÿ 20021Callataÿ 2002, p. 77-80. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 5874, HGC 93HGC 9, n° 1398 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 5 | 33.33 | 5 | 5.49 | 1, 3, 4, 5, 15 |
| 2 | 3 | 20 | 6 | 6.59 | 6, 9, 10 |
| 3 | 1 | 6.67 | 3 | 3.3 | 7 |
| 4 | 1 | 6.67 | 4 | 4.4 | 14 |
| 6 | 1 | 6.67 | 6 | 6.59 | 2 |
| 9 | 1 | 6.67 | 9 | 9.89 | 13 |
| 13 | 1 | 6.67 | 13 | 14.29 | 12 |
| 21 | 1 | 6.67 | 21 | 23.08 | 8 |
| 24 | 1 | 6.67 | 24 | 26.37 | 11 |
| Total | 15 of 15 | 100.02 | 91 of 91 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 15 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 5 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 45 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 91 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.07 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.02 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 16.13 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 322,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 17.96 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00028 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.51% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 11,283.32 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 4,839 kg <br /> 4,839 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 28,208.31 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Fr. de Callataÿ, "La production des tétradrachmes civiques de la Cilicie jusqu’à la Palestine à la fin du IIe et dans la première moitié du Ier s. av. J.-C. (Elaiussa Sébasté, Aigeai, Séleucie-de-Piérie, Laodicée, Arados, Tripolis, Sidon, Tyr, Ascalon)", in Chr. Augé et Fr. Duyrat (ed.), Les monnayages syriens. Quel apport pour l’histoire du Proche-Orient hellénistique et romain ?, Bibliothèque archéologique et historique 162, IFAPO Beyrouth, Beirut, p. 77-80.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
