S 245 - Aetolia (uncertain mint) (Aetolian League), gold, staters (220-205 BCE)
From SILVER
220 BCE - 205 BCE Gold 18,955 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet with a snake. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΙΤΩΛΩΝ (Greek).Aetolia sitting on galatian and macedonian shields, wielding scepter in right hand and Nike in left hand, right. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aetolia (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Aetolia | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Aetolian League |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 220 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 205 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
_(Aetolian_League),_gold,_staters_(220-205_BCE).png)
S_245_-_Aetolia_(uncertain_mint)_(Aetolian_League),_gold,_staters_(220-205_BCE).png [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Tsangari 20071Tsangari 2007, p. 87-89, no. 559-567 et p. 90-91, no. 569-575. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 4 | 44.44 | 4 | 13.79 | 8, 10, 11, 13 |
| 2 | 1 | 11.11 | 2 | 6.9 | 12 |
| 3 | 2 | 22.22 | 6 | 20.69 | 6, 7 |
| 6 | 1 | 11.11 | 6 | 20.69 | 14 |
| 11 | 1 | 11.11 | 11 | 37.93 | 9 |
| Total | 9 of 9 | 99.99 | 29 of 29 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 9 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 16 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 29 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.22 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.81 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.78 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 44.44 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 11.15 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 223,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 13.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00013 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 86.21% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,201.79 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 18,955 kg <br /> 18,955 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,004.48 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Tsangari, Dimitra (2007) Corpus des monnaies d’or, d’argent et de Bronze de la confédération étolienne, Athens, 507 p. : illustrations.
