S 241 - Aetolia (uncertain mint) (Aetolian League), gold, staters (239-229 BCE)
From SILVER
239 BCE - 229 BCE Gold 12,835 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena right, wearing earrings, necklace and crested Corinthian helmet with griffin or snake (and Λ). (In the field, owl). |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΙΤΩΛΩΝ (Greek). |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aetolia (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Aetolia | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Aetolian League |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 239 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 229 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
_(Aetolian_League),_gold,_staters_(239-229_BCE).png)
S_241_-_Aetolia_(uncertain_mint)_(Aetolian_League),_gold,_staters_(239-229_BCE).png [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Tsangari 20071Tsangari 2007, p. 73-75, no. 449-458. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 40 | 2 | 18.18 | 2, 4 |
| 2 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 18.18 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 27.27 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 | 20 | 4 | 36.36 | 5 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 11 of 11 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 10 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 11 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.1 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 40 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 7.55 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 151,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 9.17 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00007 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 81.82% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,913.91 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 12,835 kg <br /> 12,835 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 7,284.77 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Tsangari, Dimitra (2007) Corpus des monnaies d’or, d’argent et de Bronze de la confédération étolienne, Athens, 507 p. : illustrations.
