S 226 - Paros, silver, drachms (520-470 BCE)
From SILVER
520 BCE - 470 BCE Silver 13,974 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Goat kneeling to right, below, dolphin to right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Rough quadripartite incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Paros | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cyclades | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 520 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 470 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic until 480 BC  , Classical 480-323 BC
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 5.90 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Sheedy 2006, p. 201-225, n° 3-200. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 35 | 37.63 | 35 | 12.54 | 4, 5, 6, 9, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 31, 33, 43, 48, 49, 52, 54, 56, 59, 61, 62, 63, 67, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 79, 82, 83, 88, 89 |
| 2 | 21 | 22.58 | 42 | 15.05 | 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 21, 25, 27, 29, 37, 39, 51, 53, 55, 57, 58, 64, 65, 72, 80, 90 |
| 3 | 9 | 9.68 | 27 | 9.68 | 16, 34, 35, 44, 66, 70, 77, 84, 85 |
| 4 | 10 | 10.75 | 40 | 14.34 | 10, 12, 28, 36, 41, 46, 47, 78, 92, 93 |
| 5 | 10 | 10.75 | 50 | 17.92 | 18, 32, 38, 40, 42, 45, 60, 81, 86, 94 |
| 6 | 2 | 2.15 | 12 | 4.3 | 3, 87 |
| 8 | 2 | 2.15 | 16 | 5.73 | 30, 50 |
| 10 | 1 | 1.08 | 10 | 3.58 | 76 |
| 18 | 1 | 1.08 | 18 | 6.45 | 91, 95 |
| 20 | 1 | 1.08 | 20 | 7.17 | 1 |
| 9 | 1 | 1.08 | 9 | 3.23 | 2 |
| Total | 93 of 93 | 100.01 | 279 of 279 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 93 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 35 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 147 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 279 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.9 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.58 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 37.63 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 118.42 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,368,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 139.5 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 87.46% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,712.04 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 13,974 kg <br /> 13,974 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 11,780.1 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Sheedy, Kenneth A. (2006), The Archaic and Early Classical Coinages of the Cyclades, RNS Spec. Publ. 40, London, viii, 261 p., 20 pl.
