S 1966 - Ephesus, silver, tetradrachms (390-325 BCE) Kinns
From SILVER
390 BCE - 325 BCE Silver 48,608 kg
Description
| Obverse: | E-Φ flanking head (Greek).Bee with straight wings |
| Reverse: | ΚΑΛΛΙΔΑΜΑΣ to right (Greek).Forepart of stag right, head left, palm tree to left |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Ephesus | Ancient region: | Ionia | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 390 BCE | to | 325 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 15.30 | Denomination: | tetradrachm
|
Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Ashton et al. 2002, p. 174-185 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 4371-4373 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 33 | 23.91 | 33 | 5.68 | 9, 12, 14, 17, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 72, 74, 83, 100, 128, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 140, 148, 150, 151, 152, 158, 159, 164, 173 |
| 2 | 15 | 10.87 | 30 | 5.16 | 1, 16, 24, 53, 62, 73, 82, 85, 96, 99, 111, 114, 131, 163, 168 |
| 3 | 19 | 13.77 | 57 | 9.81 | 7, 15, 20, 25, 27, 46, 47, 55, 69, 70, 88, 89, 98, 127, 137, 141, 143, 162, 171 |
| 4 | 22 | 15.94 | 88 | 15.15 | 10, 11, 22, 23, 26, 48, 54, 56, 60, 65, 91, 93, 94, 95, 112, 113, 117, 121, 130, 149, 155, 174 |
| 5 | 11 | 7.97 | 55 | 9.47 | 6, 8, 19, 45, 97, 118, 120, 146, 154, 157, 166 |
| 6 | 12 | 8.7 | 72 | 12.39 | 13, 50, 52, 61, 71, 84, 87, 119, 142, 145, 161, 165 |
| 7 | 5 | 3.62 | 35 | 6.02 | 3, 5, 92, 122, 172 |
| 8 | 7 | 5.07 | 56 | 9.64 | 21, 86, 115, 116, 126, 153, 160 |
| 9 | 4 | 2.9 | 36 | 6.2 | 51, 81, 144, 156 |
| 10 | 2 | 1.45 | 20 | 3.44 | 4, 90 |
| 11 | 4 | 2.9 | 44 | 7.57 | 18, 80, 125, 167 |
| 12 | 1 | 0.72 | 12 | 2.07 | 124 |
| 14 | 2 | 1.45 | 28 | 4.82 | 2, 123 |
| 15 | 1 | 0.72 | 15 | 2.58 | 147 |
| Total | 138 of 138 | 99.99 | 581 of 581 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 138 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | Number of coins (n) | 581 | |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4.21 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 23.91 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 158.85 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 3,177,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 180.99 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00018 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.32% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 7,315.08 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 48,608 kg <br /> 48,608 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 18,287.69 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations Obv. 33-44, 49, 57-59, 75-79, 101-110, 129, 138-139, 169-170 are missing. The frequencies are not for the number of coins but for the number of names (hence an original number of dies much inferior to what is given here).
