S 1868 - Opous (Locrians), silver, obols (375-330 BCE)
From SILVER
375 BCE - 330 BCE Silver 2,582 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΛΟ-ΚΡ (Greek).Amphora with grape bunch and ivy leaf hanging from mouth |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Star of sixteen rays |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Opous | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Locri Opuntii (Opus) | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 375 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 330 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 0.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | obol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Morineau Humphris - Delbridge 2014, p. 141-155 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 2325, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 4, n° 1003 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 62 | 45.59 | 62 | 12.23 | 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 20, 21, 26, 39, 52, 57, 58, 59, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 100, 102, 106, 108, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 135, 137 |
| 2 | 24 | 17.65 | 48 | 9.47 | 1, 5, 17, 18, 19, 24, 30, 35, 37, 38, 64, 73, 75, 76, 90, 103, 104, 105, 107, 109, 115, 126, 129, 133 |
| 3 | 13 | 9.56 | 39 | 7.69 | 13, 15, 27, 28, 31, 50, 51, 54, 55, 93, 99, 101, 134 |
| 4 | 9 | 6.62 | 36 | 7.1 | 29, 32, 33, 34, 45, 60, 96, 98, 112 |
| 5 | 4 | 2.94 | 20 | 3.94 | 11, 14, 49, 56 |
| 6 | 4 | 2.94 | 24 | 4.73 | 8, 25, 53, 136 |
| 7 | 1 | 0.74 | 7 | 1.38 | 16 |
| 8 | 3 | 2.21 | 24 | 4.73 | 2, 36, 97 |
| 9 | 1 | 0.74 | 9 | 1.78 | 92 |
| 10 | 2 | 1.47 | 20 | 3.94 | 42, 94 |
| 11 | 1 | 0.74 | 11 | 2.17 | 61 |
| 12 | 2 | 1.47 | 24 | 4.73 | 43, 44 |
| 13 | 3 | 2.21 | 39 | 7.69 | 22, 41, 46 |
| 15 | 1 | 0.74 | 15 | 2.96 | 48 |
| 16 | 1 | 0.74 | 16 | 3.16 | 40 |
| 17 | 2 | 1.47 | 34 | 6.71 | 23, 95 |
| 18 | 1 | 0.74 | 18 | 3.55 | 62 |
| 26 | 1 | 0.74 | 26 | 5.13 | 47 |
| 35 | 1 | 0.74 | 35 | 6.9 | 7 |
| Total | 136 of 136 | 100.05 | 507 of 507 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 136 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 62 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 507 | |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.73 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 45.59 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 161.35 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 3,227,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 185.85 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00016 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 87.77% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,284.47 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,582 kg <br /> 2,582 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 15,711.19 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Obv. 124 is missing
References
- ^ Morineau Humphris, Jacqueline - Delbridge, Diana (2014), The Coinage of the Opuntian Lokrians, RNS Spec. Publ. 50, London, RNS, 264 p., 61 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2014), Handbook of Greek Coinage Series 4. Northern and Central Greece : Achaia Phthiotis, Ainis, Magnesia, Malis, Oita, Perrhaibia, Thessaly, Akarnania, Aitolia, Lokris, Phokis, Boiotia, Euboia, Attica, Megaris and Corinthia, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, lxxi, 563 p.
