S 1831 - Byblus (Urimilk IIl), silver, 1/12 shekels (460-450 BCE)
From SILVER
460 BCE - 450 BCE Silver 182 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Sphinx recumbent left, wearing double crown of Egypt |
| Reverse: | Lightning bolt of Baal Hadad (or double lotus) in dotted circle within incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Byblus | Ancient region: | Phoenicia | Modern country: Lebanon | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 460 BCE | to | 450 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 0.75 | Denomination: | 12th shekel | Standard: | Persian |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Elayi - Elayi 2014, p. 142-144, n° 34-55 (Group I.4) | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 10, n° 122 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 3 | 50 | 3 | 30 | 3, 5, 6 |
| 2 | 2 | 33.33 | 4 | 40 | 2, 4 |
| 3 | 1 | 16.67 | 3 | 30 | 1 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100 | 10 of 10 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 7 | Number of coins (n) | 10 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.67 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.43 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.17 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 12.1 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 242,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 15 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00004 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 70% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,652.89 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 182 kg <br /> 182 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 4,132.23 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Elayi, Josette - Elayi, Alain G. (2014), A Monetary and Political History of the Phoenician City of Byblos, Winona Lake, Eisenbrauns, xvi + 384 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 10. handbook of coins of the Southern Levant : Phoenicia, southern Koile Syria (including Judaea), and Arabia, Lancaster-London, lxxix, 201 p.
