S 1815 - Acanthus, silver, tetrobols (Period C) (478-465 BCE)
From SILVER
478 BCE - 465 BCE Silver 1,224 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Forepart of a lioness to right, her head twisted and seen from above, as if gnawing on her prey, above, acanthus |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Quadripartite incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Acanthus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 478 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 465 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetrobol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Tselekas 1996, p. 236-239, 243-244, 245, 246-248 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1363A, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.1, n° 386 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 6 | 24 | 6 | 4.84 | 44, 46, 50, 51, 54, 57 |
| 2 | 6 | 24 | 12 | 9.68 | 48, 49, 52, 53, 58, 59 |
| 3 | 3 | 12 | 9 | 7.26 | 56, 60, 62 |
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3.23 | 47 |
| 5 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 4.03 | 61 |
| 6 | 2 | 8 | 12 | 9.68 | 40, 43 |
| 7 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 5.65 | 55 |
| 8 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 6.45 | 63 |
| 9 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 7.26 | 45 |
| 11 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 8.87 | 42 |
| 16 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 12.9 | 41 |
| 25 | 1 | 4 | 25 | 20.16 | 39 |
| Total | 25 of 25 | 100 | 124 of 124 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 25 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 6 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 33 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 124 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.96 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.76 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.32 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 24 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 27.81 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 556,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 31.31 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00022 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.16% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 8,917.66 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,224 kg <br /> 1,224 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 22,294.14 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Tselekas, Panagiotis (1996), The Coinage of Acanthus, Oxford, St Cross College, DPhil, 350 p., 7 maps, 53 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
