Pangaion (uncertain mint) (Derrones), silver, dodecadrachms (ox cart/incuse square) (500-480 BCE) Tzamalis 2012
From SILVER
500 BCE - 480 BCE Silver 139,091 kg
Description
| Obverse: | ΔΕΡΡΟΝΙΚΟΝ (Greek).Ox cart standing left on exergual line, sun disc above legend and crested Corinthian helmet in left field |
| Reverse: | Incuse swastika. Flan crack and a few small scrapes and scratches |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Pangaion (uncertain mint) | Ancient region: | Macedon | Modern country: Greece | Authority: | Derrones, Thraco-Macedonian tribes |
Chronology
| From | 500 BCE | to | 480 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 40.10 | Denomination: | dodecadrachm | Standard: | Thraco-Macedonian |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Tzamalis 2012, p. 30-41 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1315, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3Lorber 2025, p. 54-58, n° 1-18 | ||
| Coin series web reference: |
| ||
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 21 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 19 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 21 | Number of coins (n) | 23 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.1 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.1 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 90.48 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 173.43 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 3,468,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 241.5 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00001 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 17.39% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 265.24 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 139,091 kg <br /> 139,091 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 663.09 |
Remarks
Likely military
References
- ^ Tzamalis, Alexandros Reginald (2012), Les ethnè de la région "thraco-macéconienne". Etude d'histoire et de numismatique, 2 vol., unpublished PhD, Paris IV-Sorbonne, Paris,
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Lorber, Catharine C. (2025), "A die study of the largest silver denominations of the Derrones," in Panagiotis P. Iossif and Yannis Stoyas (eds.), Fleur de Coin. Studies offered to François de Callataÿ by his students and friends, Phronesis 1, Athens, p. 52-83.
