S 1726 - Ephesus, silver, cistophori (160-128 BCE) Carbone
From SILVER
160 BCE - 128 BCE Silver 21,087 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Basket (cista mystica) from which snake coils, around, ivy wreath with fruits |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | EΦΕ (Greek).Two snakes coiled around a bow case, to right, head of Artemis to right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ephesus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Ionia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Attalid Kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 160 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 128 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 12.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | cistophorus
|
StandardStandard.: | Cistophoric |
Image
H218 Ephesus cistophori.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Carbone 20201Carbone 2020, p. 89-93 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 4389-4390, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 218 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 22 | 50 | 22 | 28.57 | 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 26, 27, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43 |
| 2 | 14 | 31.82 | 28 | 36.36 | 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 23, 28, 31, 32, 34, 39, 40 |
| 3 | 5 | 11.36 | 15 | 19.48 | 13, 14, 22, 25, 44 |
| 4 | 3 | 6.82 | 12 | 15.58 | 3, 29, 33 |
| Total | 44 of 44 | 100 | 77 of 77 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 44 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 22 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 72 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 77 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.75 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.07 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.64 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 83.02 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,660,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 102.67 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00005 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 71.43% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,854.97 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 21,087 kg <br /> 21,087 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 4,637.44 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Carbone, Lucia Francesca (2020), Hidden Power. Late Cistophoric Production and the Organization of Provincia Asia (128-89 BC), Numismatic Studies 42, New York, 266 p., 140 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
