S 1391 - Ecbatana (Vologases IV), silver, drachms (147-191 BCE)
From SILVER
147 CE - 191 CE Silver 4,282 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bust of the king left, wearing earring, diadem and tiara. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ (Greek).King seated right, wearing diadem, holding bow. (Above the bow, pearl). In the right field, A. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ecbatana | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Media | Modern countryModern country: Iran | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Parthian Empire, Vologases IV (king of Parthia, c. 147-191 AD) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 147 CE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 191 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachm | StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Boillet 20091Boillet 2009, p. 827-845, no. 6153-6381. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 17 | 33.33 | 17 | 7.42 | D8, D14, D15, D21, D23, D28, D30, D36, D37, D38, D40, D41, D43, D45, D46, D49, D50 |
| 2 | 12 | 23.53 | 24 | 10.48 | D9, D12, D13, D16, D20, D22, D24, D29, D31, D35, D48, D51 |
| 3 | 6 | 11.76 | 18 | 7.86 | D11, D32, D33, D39, D42, D44 |
| 4 | 2 | 3.92 | 8 | 3.49 | D34, D47 |
| 5 | 2 | 3.92 | 10 | 4.37 | D25, D26 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.96 | 6 | 2.62 | D7 |
| 7 | 1 | 1.96 | 7 | 3.06 | D1 |
| 8 | 2 | 3.92 | 16 | 6.99 | D5, D18 |
| 9 | 2 | 3.92 | 18 | 7.86 | D5, D18 |
| 11 | 1 | 1.96 | 11 | 4.8 | D27 |
| 13 | 1 | 1.96 | 13 | 5.68 | D17 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.96 | 14 | 6.11 | D3 |
| 15 | 1 | 1.96 | 15 | 6.55 | D2 |
| 23 | 1 | 1.96 | 23 | 10.04 | D10 |
| 29 | 1 | 1.96 | 29 | 12.66 | D6 |
| Total | 51 of 51 | 99.98 | 229 of 229 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 51 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 17 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 59 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 229 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.49 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.88 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.16 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 57.87 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,157,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 65.61 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00020 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.58% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,914.29 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 4,282 kg <br /> 4,282 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 19,785.73 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boillet, Pierre-Yves (2009), Ecbatane et la Médie d’Alexandre aux Arsacides (c. 331 a.C. - c. 224 p.C.). Histoire monétaire et économique, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bordeaux University.
