S 1373 - Ecbatana (Phraates V), silver, drachms (2 BCE-4 CE)
From SILVER
2 BCE - 4 CE Silver 2,333 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bust of the king left, wearing diadem, crowned by one or two Nike(s). Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΜΟΥΣΗΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ ΘΕΑΣ ΟΥΡΑΝΙΑΣ (Greek).Bust of the queen Musa to left, wearing tiara. In the left field, A. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ecbatana | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Media | Modern countryModern country: Iran | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Parthian Empire, Phraates V (king of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD), Musa/Thermusa (queen of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 2 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 4 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachm | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Boillet 2009, p. 523-533, n° 3461-3568 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sellwood 1980, n° 58.9 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 12 | 44.44 | 12 | 11.21 | 11, 31, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 |
| 2 | 2 | 7.41 | 4 | 3.74 | 28, 39 |
| 3 | 2 | 7.41 | 6 | 5.61 | 9, 24 |
| 4 | 3 | 11.11 | 12 | 11.21 | 4, 25, 32 |
| 5 | 1 | 3.7 | 5 | 4.67 | 21 |
| 6 | 2 | 7.41 | 12 | 11.21 | 30, 33 |
| 8 | 1 | 3.7 | 8 | 7.48 | 26 |
| 10 | 2 | 7.41 | 20 | 18.69 | 27, 29 |
| 12 | 1 | 3.7 | 12 | 11.21 | 19 |
| 16 | 1 | 3.7 | 16 | 14.95 | 5 |
| Total | 27 of 27 | 99.99 | 107 of 107 | 99.98 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 27 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 12 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 43 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 107 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.96 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.49 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.59 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 44.44 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 31.53 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 630,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 36.11 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00017 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 88.79% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,787.19 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,333 kg <br /> 2,333 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,967.97 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boillet, Pierre-Yves (2009), Ecbatane et la Médie d’Alexandre aux Arsacides (c. 331 a.C. - c. 224 p.C.). Histoire monétaire et économique, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bordeaux University.
- ^ Sellwood, David (1980), An introduction to the coinage of Parthia, 2nd ed., London, Spink & Son, 322 p., 10 pl.
