S 1361 - Ecbatana (Phraates III), silver, drachms (70-57 BCE)
From SILVER
70 BCE - 57 BCE Silver 1,948 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed facing bust of Phraates III, with mustache and short beard, wearing torque with central medallion and elaborate robes |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ (Greek).Parthian archer (Arsakes I) seated to right, holding bow, below bow, monogram of AΓ. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ecbatana | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Media | Modern countryModern country: Iran | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Phraates III (king of the Parthian Empire, 70-57 BC), Parthian Empire |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 70 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 57 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachm | StandardStandard.: |
Image
S1361 Ecbatana Phraates III drachms.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Boillet 20091Boillet 2009, p. 296-302, n° 1403-1451 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sellwood 19802Sellwood 1980, n° 35.1 (var.) | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 8 | 42.11 | 8 | 16.67 | 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16 |
| 2 | 2 | 10.53 | 4 | 8.33 | 11, 17 |
| 3 | 3 | 15.79 | 9 | 18.75 | 3, 13, 18 |
| 4 | 4 | 21.05 | 16 | 33.33 | 4, 6, 12, 19 |
| 5 | 1 | 5.26 | 5 | 10.42 | 15 |
| 6 | 1 | 5.26 | 6 | 12.5 | 1 |
| Total | 19 of 19 | 100 | 48 of 48 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 19 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 8 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 31 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 48 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.53 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.55 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.63 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 42.11 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 26.32 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 526,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 31.45 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00009 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 83.33% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 3,647.42 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,948 kg <br /> 1,948 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 9,118.54 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boillet, Pierre-Yves (2009), Ecbatane et la Médie d’Alexandre aux Arsacides (c. 331 a.C. - c. 224 p.C.). Histoire monétaire et économique, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bordeaux University.
- ^ Sellwood, David (1980), An introduction to the coinage of Parthia, 2nd ed., London, Spink & Son, 322 p., 10 pl.
