S 132 - Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia, bronze, Module 1 (system of 4 modules), 117-113 BC

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 9526

117 BCE - 113 BCE Bronze

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Head of Antiochus VIII right, wearing a diadem. (In the left field, A.) Border of dots.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ANTIOXOY and "To Laodicea mother of Canaan" (Greek and Phoenician).Baal Bérytos facing, wearing a flat tiara and an himation, holding a patera in the right hand and a trident in the left hand. In the field, ΛΑ-Φ (et un aplustre.) Border of dots.

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Syria (Phoenicia)

Modern countryModern country: Lebanon

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Antiochus VIII Grypus (Seleucid king, 121/0-97/6 BC), Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC)

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

117 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

113 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Bronze

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

4.50

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

Module 1 (system of 4 modules)

StandardStandard.:

Image

S 132 - Berytus - Laodicea in Phoenicia Bronze Module 1 system of 4 modules, 117-113 BC (Sawaya 2004, Pl. 18, D1-R1, 179).png

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Sawaya 20041Sawaya 2004, p. 109-146, pl. 10-18 (p. 143, no. 179-183).
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	2	66.67	2	40	D1 (no issue mark), D2 (A)
3	1	33.33	3	60	D1 (A)
Total	3 of 3	100	5 of 5	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	3	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ	2
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	5	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	5
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	1.67	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.67	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	66.67 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	6.05	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	121,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	7.5	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00004
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	60%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	1,652.89
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	n.a.	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	4,132.23

Remarks