S 1289 - Laodiceia ad Mare (Seleucids), silver, tetradrachms (300-200 BCE)
From SILVER
300 BCE - 246 BCE Silver 23,715 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Herakles to right, wearing lion skin headdress |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | BAΣIΛEΩΣ below, ΣEΛEYKOY to right (Greek).Zeus Aëtophoros seated to left, holding sceptre, dolphin to left above monogram in left field, monogram below throne |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Laodiceia ad Mare | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria | Modern countryModern country: Syria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Antiochus I Soter (Seleucid king, 281-261 BC), Antiochus II Theos (Seleucid king, 261-246 BC), Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC), Seleucus I Nicator (satrap in 321-305 BC and Seleucid king in 305-281 BC), Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 300 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 246 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
S1289 Laodicea ad mare tetradrachms.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Houghton 19991Houghton 1999, p. 170-176 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | SC I2SC I, n° 36, HGC 93HGC 9, n° 9 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 25 | 55.56 | 25 | 26.6 | 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 39, 41, 43, 45 |
| 2 | 7 | 15.56 | 14 | 14.89 | 2, 12, 13, 18, 29, 33, 37 |
| 3 | 5 | 11.11 | 15 | 15.96 | 7, 8, 14, 36, 38 |
| 4 | 5 | 11.11 | 20 | 21.28 | 1, 16, 28, 42, 44 |
| 6 | 1 | 2.22 | 6 | 6.38 | 10 |
| 7 | 2 | 4.44 | 14 | 14.89 | 26, 40 |
| Total | 45 of 45 | 100 | 94 of 94 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 45 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 25 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 94 | |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.09 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 55.56 % | |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 70.58 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,411,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 86.33 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00007 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 73.4% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,663.64 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 23,715 kg <br /> 23,715 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 6,659.11 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Houghton, Arthur (1999), "The early Seleucid mint of Laodicea ad Mare (c. 300-246 BC)," in Michel Amandry and Silvia Hurter (eds.), Travaux de numismatique grecque offerts à Georges Le Rider, London, p. 169-184, pl. 14-6.
- ^ Houghton, Arthur - Lorber, Catharine (2002), Seleucid coins : a comprehensive catalogue. Part 1, Seleucus I through Antiochus III, New York - Lancaster - London, 2 v. (xxxviii, 488 p. + 300 p.), 101 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
