S 1277 - Bactria (uncertain mint) (Antimachus I), silver, tetradrachms (185-170 BCE)
From SILVER
185 BCE - 170 BCE Silver 23,504 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΔΙΟΔΟΤΟΥ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ (no. 1-6) ; EΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ ΘΕΟΥ (no. 7-24) (Greek).Head of king Antimachus right, wearing diadem (and kausia). Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΟΝΤΟΣ ΘΕΟΥ ΑΝΤΙΜΑΧΟΥ (Greek).Several types: 1) Zeus standing left, brandishing thunderbolt, holding aegis on left arm. At feet, eagle left, above, eagle. In right field, monogram (no. 1-6), 2) Heracles seated on rock left, naked, holding club resting on knee in right hand. In left field, monogram (no. 7-24), 3) Poseidon standing facing, holding trident and palm with ribbon. In right field, monogram (no. 25-378) |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Antimachus I (Indo-Greek king, c. 185 BC-170 BC), Bactrian Kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 185 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 170 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Glenn 2020, p. 337-356, n° 1-378 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 16 | 24.62 | 16 | 4.24 | O7, O22, O28, O30, O36, O46, O47, O48, O49, O50, O51, O52, O53, O54, O59, O62 |
| 2 | 12 | 18.46 | 24 | 6.37 | O6, O25, O31, O34, O37, O40, O44, O45, O57, O61, O63, O64 |
| 3 | 5 | 7.69 | 15 | 3.98 | O3, O5, O39, O42, O58 |
| 4 | 4 | 6.15 | 16 | 4.24 | O21, O38, O41, O56 |
| 5 | 4 | 6.15 | 20 | 5.31 | O4, O8, O17, O32 |
| 6 | 4 | 6.15 | 24 | 6.37 | O30, O1, O19, O60 |
| 7 | 5 | 7.69 | 35 | 9.28 | O9, O14, O15, O20, O27 |
| 8 | 4 | 6.15 | 32 | 8.49 | O18, O24, O35, O43 |
| 11 | 1 | 1.54 | 11 | 2.92 | O12 |
| 13 | 1 | 1.54 | 13 | 3.45 | O55 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.54 | 14 | 3.71 | O26 |
| 15 | 1 | 1.54 | 15 | 3.98 | O13 |
| 16 | 1 | 1.54 | 16 | 4.24 | O23 |
| 26 | 2 | 3.08 | 52 | 13.79 | O16, O33 |
| 27 | 1 | 1.54 | 27 | 7.16 | O11 |
| 29 | 1 | 1.54 | 29 | 7.69 | O10 |
| 9 | 2 | 3.08 | 18 | 4.77 | O18, O24, O35, O43 |
| Total | 65 of 65 | 100 | 377 of 377 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 65 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 16 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 179 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 377 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 5.8 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.11 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.75 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 24.62 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 70.37 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,407,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 78.54 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00027 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.76% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 10,714.79 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 23,504 kg <br /> 23,504 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 26,786.98 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Glenn, Simon (2020), Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, Numismatic Studies 43, New York, 2020, 394 p., 106 pl.
