S 1262 - Bactria (uncertain mint) (Euthydemus II), bronze, 2 units (180 BCE)
From SILVER
180 BCE - 180 BCE Bronze; Cupro-nickel 13,502 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Tripod. In left field, monogram. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Bactrian Kingdom, Euthydemus II (Indo-Greek king, c. 180 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 180 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 180 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze , Cupro-nickel http://nomisma.org/id/cupro-nickel
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 2 units
|
StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Glenn 20201Glenn 2020, p. 303-306, no. 1-48. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 22 | 66.67 | 22 | 45.83 | O6, O7, O8, O9, O10, O11, O12, O13, O14, O15, O16, O17, O18, O19, O25, O26, O27, O28, O30, O31, O32, O33 |
| 2 | 8 | 24.24 | 16 | 33.33 | O2, O3, O4, O5, O20, O21, O22, O29 |
| 3 | 2 | 6.06 | 6 | 12.5 | O23, O24 |
| 4 | 1 | 3.03 | 4 | 8.33 | O1 |
| Total | 33 of 33 | 100 | 48 of 48 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 33 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 22 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 47 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 48 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.45 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.02 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.42 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 66.67 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 84.39 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,687,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 105.6 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 54.17% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,137.58 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 13,502 kg <br /> 13,502 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 2,843.94 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Glenn, Simon (2020), Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, Numismatic Studies 43, New York, 2020, 394 p., 106 pl.
