S 1258 - Bactria (uncertain mint) (Euthydemus II), silver, tetradrachms (180 BCE)
From SILVER
180 BCE - 180 BCE Silver 15,452 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of king Euthydemus right, wearing diadem. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Heracles, standing facing, wearing wreath, naked, holding wreath with right hand, club and lion skin over left arm. In left field, monogram. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Euthydemus II (Indo-Greek king, c. 180 BC), Bactrian Kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 180 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 180 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.40 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | S. Glenn1S. Glenn, Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, New York, 2020, p. 289-299, no. 1-174. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 11 | 26.83 | 11 | 6.32 | O11, O14, O16, O17, O24, O25, O26, O28, O37, O39, O41 |
| 2 | 7 | 17.07 | 14 | 8.05 | O1, O3, O12, O13, O19, O29, O40 |
| 3 | 4 | 9.76 | 12 | 6.9 | O8, O33, O35, O38 |
| 4 | 3 | 7.32 | 12 | 6.9 | O4, O10, O34 |
| 5 | 5 | 12.2 | 25 | 14.37 | O6, O18, O30, O32, O36 |
| 6 | 3 | 7.32 | 18 | 10.34 | O7, O20, O31 |
| 7 | 1 | 2.44 | 7 | 4.02 | O22 |
| 8 | 2 | 4.88 | 16 | 9.2 | O15, O23 |
| 9 | 1 | 2.44 | 9 | 5.17 | O15, O23 |
| 10 | 1 | 2.44 | 10 | 5.75 | O5 |
| 11 | 1 | 2.44 | 11 | 6.32 | O9 |
| 14 | 1 | 2.44 | 14 | 8.05 | O2 |
| 15 | 1 | 2.44 | 15 | 8.62 | O27 |
| Total | 41 of 41 | 100.02 | 174 of 174 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 41 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 11 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 101 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 174 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 4.24 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.72 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.46 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 26.83 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 47.11 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 942,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 53.64 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00018 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 93.68% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 7,386.97 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 15,452 kg <br /> 15,452 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 18,467.42 |
Remarks
References
- ^ S. Glenn
