S 1186 - Panticapaeum?, silver, triobols (494-480 BCE)
From SILVER
494 BCE - 480 BCE Silver 1,167 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of lion facing |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Quadripartite incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Panticapaeum | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bosporus | Modern countryModern country: Russia (Crimea) | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 494 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 480 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic until 480 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | triobol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kuznetsov - Abramzon 2020 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1351 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 5 | 25 | 5 | 3.25 | 3, 5, 11, 12, 16 |
| 2 | 4 | 20 | 8 | 5.19 | 1, 7, 10, 18 |
| 5 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 6.49 | 2, 6 |
| 7 | 3 | 15 | 21 | 13.64 | 8, 13, 20 |
| 10 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 6.49 | 4 |
| 11 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 7.14 | 14 |
| 13 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 8.44 | 17 |
| 16 | 1 | 5 | 16 | 10.39 | 9 |
| 28 | 1 | 5 | 28 | 18.18 | 15 |
| 32 | 1 | 5 | 32 | 20.78 | 19 |
| Total | 20 of 20 | 100 | 154 of 154 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 5 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 14 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 154 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 7.7 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 11 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.7 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 25 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 20.84 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 416,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 22.99 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00037 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.75% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 14,779.27 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,167 kg <br /> 1,167 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 36,948.18 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Kuznetsov, Vladimir D. - Abramzon, Mikhail G. (2020), КЛАД ПОЗДНЕАРХАИЧЕСКИХ МОНЕТ ИЗ ФАНАГОРИИ (A hoard of Late Archaic coins from Phanagoreia), ФАНАГОРИЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ (Results of Archaeological Research at Phanagoreia), 8, Moscow
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
