Rome, gold, aurei (RRC 50/1 - 209-208 BCE)
From SILVER
209 BCE - 208 BCE Gold 3,310 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bearded head of Mars to right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet, ↓X (mark of value) behind |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ROMA below (Latin).Eagle standing to right on thunderbolt, with spread wings |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Rome | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Latium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 209 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 208 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.35 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | aureus | StandardStandard.: |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Campana 2000a1 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | RRC2 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 4 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 3 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 13 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.25 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 4.33 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.75 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 4.94 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 98,800 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 5.78 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00013 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,263.16 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,310 kg <br /> 3,310 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,157.89 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military