RQEM ad. 663 - Alexandria, gold, mnaieion, 204-81 BC
From SILVER
204 BCE - 81 BCE Gold 158,238 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Alexandria | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Egypt | Modern countryModern country: Egypt | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Ptolemaic king, 204-181 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 204 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 81 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 27.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | mnaieion
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StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]J. Olivier, Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012, p. 166-167, no. 3318-3350. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 4 | 1 | 5.88 | 4 | 12.12 | D4 (Sv1164) |
| 6 | 1 | 5.88 | 6 | 18.18 | D11 (Sv1165) |
| 1 | 9 | 52.94 | 9 | 27.27 | D2 (Sv1159), D3 (Sv1159), D4 (Sv1159), D1 (Sv1163), D2 (Sv1164), D5 (Sv1165), D7 (Sv1165), D8 (Sv1165), D12 (Sv1165) |
| 2 | 4 | 23.53 | 8 | 24.24 | D1 (Sv1159), D5 (Sv1159), D3 (Sv1164), D6 (Sv1165) |
| 3 | 2 | 11.76 | 6 | 18.18 | D9 (Sv1165), D10 (Sv1165) |
| Total | 17 of 17 | 99.99 | 33 of 33 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 17 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 9 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 24 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 33 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.94 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.38 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.41 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 52.94 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 28.46 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 569,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 35.06 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 72.73% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,319.04 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 158,238 kg <br /> 158,238 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 5,797.61 |
Remarks
