Perge, silver, tetradrachms (Artemis/Artemis) (43-38 BCE)
From SILVER
48 BCE - 38 BCE Silver 10,186 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Artemis to right, with bow and quiver at her shoulder |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | APTEMIΔOΣ - ΠEPΓAIAΣ (Greek).Artemis standing front, head to left, holding wreath in her right hand and long scepter in her left, at feet to left, forepart of a stag standing left, looking up, above stag |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Perge | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Pamphylia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 48 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 38 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
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References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Colin 1996, p. 39-42 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 5413 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 11 | 55 | 11 | 26.83 | 2.7, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.3, 5.4 |
| 2 | 4 | 20 | 8 | 19.51 | 2.6, 2.9, 5.6, 5.7 |
| 3 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 14.63 | 3.4, 5.1 |
| 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 9.76 | 5.2 |
| 6 | 2 | 10 | 12 | 29.27 | 2.8, 5.5 |
| Total | 20 of 20 | 100 | 41 of 41 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 11 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 33 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 41 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.05 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.24 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.65 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 55 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 31.83 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 636,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 39.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 73.17% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,576.19 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 10,186 kg <br /> 10,186 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 6,440.46 |
Remarks
