Pergamum (Eumenes II), silver, tetradrachms (197-190 BCE)
From SILVER
197 BCE - 190 BCE Silver 15,214 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Laureate head of Philetairos right. |
| Reverse: | ΦΙΛΕΤΑΙPΟY (Greek).Athena enthroned left, resting on shield to right, crowning dynastic name to left, transverse spear in background, filleted thyrsos to outer left, AΣ to inner left, bow to right. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Pergamum | Ancient region: | Mysia | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: | Attalid Kingdom, Eumenes II of Pergamum (Attalid king, 197-159 BC) |
Chronology
| From | 197 BCE | to | 190 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 16.80 | Denomination: | tetradrachm
|
Standard: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Westermark 1960 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 7225-7226, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 210 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 15 | 62.5 | 15 | 35.71 | 131, 132, 134, 135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 149, 150, 151, 153, 154 |
| 2 | 5 | 20.83 | 10 | 23.81 | 133, 136, 143, 145, 152 |
| 3 | 1 | 4.17 | 3 | 7.14 | 137 |
| 4 | 1 | 4.17 | 4 | 9.52 | 147 |
| 5 | 2 | 8.33 | 10 | 23.81 | 146, 148 |
| Total | 24 of 24 | 100 | 42 of 42 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 24 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 15 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 40 | Number of coins (n) | 42 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 1.75 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.05 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.67 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 62.5 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 45.28 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 905,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 56 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00005 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 64.29% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 1,855.12 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 15,214 kg <br /> 15,214 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 4,637.81 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Westermark, Ulla (1960), Das Bildnis des Philetairos von Pergamon. Corpus der Münzprägung, Stockholm.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
