Pella (Philip II), silver, tetradrachms (359-348 BCE)
From SILVER
359 BCE - 348 BCE Silver 21,113 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Zeus right, wearing laurel wreath. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ (Greek).Nude youth on horseback right, palm branch in left hand, reins in right, horizontal thunderbolt below horse. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Pella | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Macedonian kingdom, Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 359 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 348 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.40 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
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StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Le Rider 1977 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMH, n° 111 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 14 | 24.14 | 14 | 7.95 | 8, 9, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 38, 48, 52, 56, 64, 70, 78 |
| 2 | 18 | 31.03 | 36 | 20.45 | 1, 2, 10, 11, 17, 26, 33, 41, 42, 49, 55, 62, 65, 66, 72, 73, 74, 79 |
| 3 | 8 | 13.79 | 24 | 13.64 | 24, 32, 39, 40, 60, 61, 67, 75 |
| 4 | 8 | 13.79 | 32 | 18.18 | 25, 44, 50, 53, 59, 63, 68, 76 |
| 5 | 2 | 3.45 | 10 | 5.68 | 51, 69 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.72 | 6 | 3.41 | 43 |
| 7 | 4 | 6.9 | 28 | 15.91 | 14, 21, 45, 57 |
| 8 | 1 | 1.72 | 8 | 4.55 | 77 |
| 9 | 2 | 3.45 | 18 | 10.23 | 54, 58 |
| Total | 58 of 58 | 99.99 | 176 of 176 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 58 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 14 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 93 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 176 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.03 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.89 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.6 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 24.14 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 73.31 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,466,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 86.51 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.05% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,801.53 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 21,113 kg <br /> 21,113 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 12,003.82 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
