Pella (Philip II), gold, staters (Group III) (Apollo/biga) (323-310 BCE)
From SILVER
323 BCE - 310 BCE Gold 176,865 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. |
| Reverse: | ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ (Greek).Charioteer driving chariot drawn by two rearing horses to right, holding reins in his left hand and goad in his right |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Pella | Ancient region: | Macedon | Modern country: Greece | Authority: | Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC), Philipp III Arrhidaeus (Argead king, 323-317 BC) |
Chronology
| From | 323 BCE | to | 310 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Gold
|
Median weight in grams | 8.55 | Denomination: | stater
|
Standard: | Attic |
Image
,_gold,_staters_(323-310_BCE)_BC.jpg)
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Le Rider 1977, Pella, group III (c. 323/2-c. 310) | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMH, n° 96, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.1, n° 986 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 21 | 22.83 | 21 | 4.86 | 178, 179, 181, 205, 206, 207, 212, 214, 220, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 232, 247, 254, 255, 258, 263 |
| 2 | 13 | 14.13 | 26 | 6.02 | 183, 190, 203, 204, 211, 216, 218, 219, 221, 241, 248, 261, 262 |
| 3 | 18 | 19.57 | 54 | 12.5 | 177, 180, 181, 194, 201, 208, 210, 215, 229, 240, 242, 243, 244, 249, 250, 252, 256, 259 |
| 4 | 6 | 6.52 | 24 | 5.56 | 198, 217, 231, 238, 239, 245 |
| 5 | 9 | 9.78 | 45 | 10.42 | 182, 193, 195, 200, 202, 209, 213, 222, 246 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.09 | 6 | 1.39 | 264 |
| 7 | 3 | 3.26 | 21 | 4.86 | 199, 230, 235 |
| 8 | 8 | 8.7 | 64 | 14.81 | 176, 186, 189, 191, 192, 257, 260 |
| 9 | 1 | 1.09 | 9 | 2.08 | 188 |
| 10 | 4 | 4.35 | 40 | 9.26 | 185, 186, 236, 251 |
| 11 | 1 | 1.09 | 11 | 2.55 | 237 |
| 12 | 1 | 1.09 | 12 | 2.78 | 253 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.09 | 14 | 3.24 | 233 |
| 16 | 2 | 2.17 | 32 | 7.41 | 184, 196 |
| 17 | 2 | 2.17 | 34 | 7.87 | 197, 234 |
| 19 | 1 | 1.09 | 19 | 4.4 | 187 |
| Total | 92 of 92 | 100.02 | 432 of 432 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 92 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 21 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 170 | Number of coins (n) | 432 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4.7 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 2.54 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.85 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 22.83 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 103.43 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 2,068,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 116.89 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00021 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.14% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 8,353.48 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 176,865 kg <br /> 176,865 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 20,883.69 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
References
- ^ Le Rider, Georges (1977), Le Monnayage d'argent et d'or de Philippe II frappé en Macédoine de 359 à 294, Paris, Bourgey.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
