Paphos (Ptolemy X), silver, tetradrachms (114-106 BCE) Nicolaou - Mørkholm
From SILVER
114 BCE - 106 BCE Silver 3,130 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Ptolemy X Alexander I right, wearing diadem. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ (Greek).Eagle standing left on thunderbolt, LΓ (date) in left field, ΠA in right field. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Paphos | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cyprus | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC), Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemaic king, 110-88 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 114 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 106 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Nicolaou - Mørkholm 1976 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2RQEMH, n° 322 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 1 | 9.09 | 1 | 0.84 | 39 |
| 2 | 2 | 18.18 | 4 | 3.36 | 45, 47 |
| 3 | 1 | 9.09 | 3 | 2.52 | 42 |
| 5 | 1 | 9.09 | 5 | 4.2 | 38 |
| 8 | 1 | 9.09 | 8 | 6.72 | 40 |
| 12 | 1 | 9.09 | 12 | 10.08 | 46 |
| 15 | 1 | 9.09 | 15 | 12.61 | 41 |
| 22 | 2 | 18.18 | 44 | 36.97 | 37, 43 |
| 27 | 1 | 9.09 | 27 | 22.69 | 44 |
| Total | 11 of 11 | 99.99 | 119 of 119 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 11 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 70 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 119 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 10.82 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.7 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 6.36 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 9.09 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 11.1 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 222,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 12.12 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00054 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.16% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 21,441.44 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,130 kg <br /> 3,130 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 53,603.6 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
