Olynthus (Chalcidian League), bronze (1.8g - module B) (Apollo/tripod) (400-352 BCE)
From SILVER
400 BCE - 352 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Apollo left or right, wearing laurel wreath. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΧΑΛΚΙ-ΔΕΩΝ (Greek).Tripod. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Olynthus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Chalcidian League (c. 430-348 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 400 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 352 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | Module B | StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Psoma 2001, p. 54-67 (n° 1-144 du catalogue) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 3.1, n° 512, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMAC, n° 159 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 52 | 48.6 | 52 | 24.64 | 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, 22, 24, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 47, 52, 54, 55, 57, 60, 61, 62, 65, 67, 70, 72, 74, 76, 77, 79, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 93, 94, 98, 100, 103, 106, 107, 108, 109 |
| 2 | 30 | 28.04 | 60 | 28.44 | 2, 7, 13, 15, 20, 21, 27, 32, 38, 40, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 58, 59, 64, 71, 73, 75, 78, 80, 81, 85, 88, 91, 99, 101, 102 |
| 3 | 13 | 12.15 | 39 | 18.48 | 18, 23, 25, 33, 42, 53, 56, 66, 68, 92, 95, 97, 104 |
| 4 | 6 | 5.61 | 24 | 11.37 | 5, 8, 26, 45, 63, 96 |
| 5 | 4 | 3.74 | 20 | 9.48 | 1, 36, 69, 105 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.93 | 6 | 2.84 | 44 |
| 10 | 1 | 0.93 | 10 | 4.74 | 6 |
| Total | 107 of 107 | 100 | 211 of 211 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 107 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 52 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 128 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 211 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.97 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.65 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 48.6 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 176.28 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 3,525,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 217.09 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 75.36% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,393.92 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 5,984.8 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Selene, Psoma (2001), Olynthe et les Chalcidiens de Thrace, Etude de numismatique et d’histoire, Stuttgart, 310 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
