Oenoanda, silver, didrachms (Zeus/eagle) (82-80 BCE)
From SILVER
82 BCE - 80 BCE Silver 633 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Zeus right, behind, lotus-tipped sceptre, Λ left of sceptre |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | OI-NO/AN in two lines across field (Greek).Eagle standing right., wings closed, on winged thunderbolt d thunderbolt |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Oenoanda | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Lycia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 82 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 80 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.14 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | didrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Ashton - Sekunda 2005, p. 65-84, pl. 4-8 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Callataÿ 2007b | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 2 | 2 | 50 | 4 | 4.71 | 1, 2 |
| 3 | 1 | 25 | 3 | 3.53 | 3 |
| 78 | 1 | 25 | 78 | 91.76 | 4 |
| Total | 4 of 4 | 100 | 85 of 85 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 4 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 9 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 85 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 21.25 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 9.44 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.25 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 3.89 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 77,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 4.2 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00109 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 43,701.8 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 633 kg <br /> 633 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 109,254.5 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military Richard Ashton argues for a chronology just after the battle of Magnesia in 189 BCE; François de Callataÿ has argued for the Mithridatic times (which is the hypothesis retained here)
References
- ^ Ashton, Richard H. J. - Sekunda, Nicholas Victor (2005) "The Coinage of Oinoanda", Numismatic Chronicle 165, p. 65-84, pl. 4-8.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2007), “Les monnaies en argent d’Oinoanda : après Apamée (188 av. J.-C.) ou après Mithridate (85-82 av. J.-C.) ?”, in Gh. Moucharte et al. (eds.), Liber Amicorum Tony Hackens, Numismatica Lovaniensia 20, Louvain-la-Neuve, p. 203-211.
