Mylasa (Hecatomnus), silver, tetradrachms (Zeus Labraundos/lion) (392-377 BCE)
From SILVER
392 BCE - 377 BCE Silver 2,349 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Zeus Labraundos standing right, wearing chiton and himation wrapped around the left arm, holding labrys in right hand, left hand on staff set on ground to right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | EKATOMNΩ (Greek).Lion at bay right, EKATOMNΩ above, all within incuse square. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Mylasa | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Caria | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hecatomnus of Caria (satrap of Caria, c. 395-c. 377 BC), Persian Empire, Hecatomnid dynasty |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 392 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 377 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Rhodian |
Image
AC246 Hactomnus.jpeg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Konuk 1998b1Konuk 1998b | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 4952, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 246 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 25 | 2 | 2.41 | 1, 8 |
| 4 | 2 | 25 | 8 | 9.64 | 2, 3 |
| 13 | 1 | 12.5 | 13 | 15.66 | 6 |
| 14 | 1 | 12.5 | 14 | 16.87 | 4 |
| 15 | 1 | 12.5 | 15 | 18.07 | 5 |
| 31 | 1 | 12.5 | 31 | 37.35 | 7 |
| Total | 8 of 8 | 100 | 83 of 83 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 8 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 33 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 83 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 10.38 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.52 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 4.13 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 25 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 8.1 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 162,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 8.85 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00051 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 97.59% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 20,493.83 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,349 kg <br /> 2,349 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 51,234.57 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Konuk, Koray (1998), The Coinage of the Hekatomnids of Caria [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Oxford.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
