Messana, bronze, tetrantes (springing hare/octopus) (407/6-396 BCE)
From SILVER
407 BCE - 396 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | MEΣΣANIΩN (Greek).Hare running left, lagabolon above, locust right n exergue |
| Reverse: | Cuttlefish |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Messana | Ancient region: | Sicily | Modern country: Italy | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 407 BCE | to | 396 BCE | Period: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 6.50 | Denomination: | tetras | Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Caccamo Caltabiano 1993, n° 686-708 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1132, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3Calciati 1986, n° 3, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4SNG ANS 4 Sicily, n° 382, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]5RQEMAC, n° 71, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]6HGC 2, n° 832 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 15 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 21 | Number of coins (n) | 77 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 5.13 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 3.67 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.4 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 6.67 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 16.58 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 331,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 18.63 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00023 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.7% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 9,288.3 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 23,220.75 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Caccamo Caltabiano, Maria (1993), La monetazione di Messana. Con le emissioni di Rhegion dell’eta della tirannide, AMUGS XIII, Berlin-New York, xviii, 383 p., 94 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Calciati, Romolo (1986), Corpus nummorum siculorum. La monetazione di bronzo/The bronze coinage, vol. 2, Milan, Edizioni G. M.
- ^ Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum ANS 4. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Sicily 2 (Galaria - Styella), New York, 1977, 25 pl.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
