Mesembria, silver, diobols (360-340 BCE)
From SILVER
360 BCE - 340 BCE Silver 3,047 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Crested Corinthian helmet facing. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | META (Greek).Spiked wheel. Between the spokes, monogram or letter. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Mesembria | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thrace | Modern countryModern country: Bulgaria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 360 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 340 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | diobol
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Karayotov 1994, p. 79-82, no. 13-140 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 1673, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 3.2, n° 1560 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 40 | 61.54 | 40 | 33.9 | 2, 8, 12, 15, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 |
| 2 | 12 | 18.46 | 24 | 20.34 | 6, 11, 16, 18, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 34, 49, 53 |
| 3 | 5 | 7.69 | 15 | 12.71 | 10, 14, 19, 30, 50 |
| 4 | 4 | 6.15 | 16 | 13.56 | 5, 9, 13, 51 |
| 5 | 2 | 3.08 | 10 | 8.47 | 3, 4 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.54 | 6 | 5.08 | 7 |
| 7 | 1 | 1.54 | 7 | 5.93 | 1 |
| Total | 65 of 65 | 100 | 118 of 118 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 65 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 40 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 95 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 118 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.82 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.24 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.46 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 61.54 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 117.19 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,343,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 144.72 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00005 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 66.1% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,013.82 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,047 kg <br /> 3,047 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 5,034.56 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Karayotov, Ivan (1994), The coinage of Mesambria. vol. 1: silver and gold coins of Mesambria, Centre of Underwater Archaeology, Sozopol, 134 p. and 44 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.
