Mesembria, bronzes 5.50g (female head/Athena) (275-175 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 5025

275 BCE - 175 BCE Bronze

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Female head right, wearing diadem.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΜΕΤΑΜΒΡΙΑΝΩΝ (Greek).Athena Alkis standing left, holding spear in right hand, a shield attached on left arm.

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Mesembria

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Thrace

Modern countryModern country: Bulgaria

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

275 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

175 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic ^{323-30 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Bronze	Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams	5.53	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:		StandardStandard.:
Range of weightsRange of the actual weights of a numismatic object (in grams).:	2.32-8.86

Image

S 1193 - Mesembria, bronzes 5.50g (275-175 BCE).jpg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Karayotov 20091Karayotov 2009, p. 202-371.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	Sear I2Sear I, n° 1676-1677, HGC 3.23HGC 3.2, n° 1573-1575

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	90	37.97	90		5, 6, 9, 24, 28, 30, 31, 40, 46, 50, 51, 57, 67, 76, 92, 104, 105, 106, 110, 111, 112, 115, 124, 125, 132, 135, 137, 141, 142, 143, 144, 148, 152, 163, 164, 167, 168, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 188, 191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237
2	35	14.77	70		8, 10, 11, 12, 17, 25, 36, 37, 38, 41, 44, 45, 48, 53, 56, 74, 90, 134, 136, 145, 146, 151, 160, 161, 165, 176, 185, 189, 190, 194, 207, 214, 223, 226, 234
3	12	5.06	36		9, 23, 33, 43, 47, 52, 71, 88, 116, 156, 162, 193
4	12	5.06	48		14, 22, 34, 91, 93, 96, 126, 139, 155, 158, 171, 187
5	7	2.95	35		16, 29, 35, 42, 128, 154, 159
6	6	2.53	36		32, 49, 55, 84, 127, 166
7	5	2.11	35		19, 75, 87, 95, 114
8	5	2.11	40		77, 85, 103, 130, 153
9	5	2.11	45		7, 27, 72, 79, 89
10	4	1.69	40		2, 20, 26, 86
11	4	1.69	44		58, 131, 169, 184
12	2	0.84	24		1, 69
13	4	1.69	52		61, 66, 73, 109
14	2	0.84	28		15, 80
15	3	1.27	45		63, 102, 117
16	2	0.84	32		18, 129
17	5	2.11	85		39, 64, 81, 99, 123
18	2	0.84	36		68, 113
19	4	1.69	76		21, 108, 140, 157
20	2	0.84	40		70, 138
21	3	1.27	63		13, 94, 120
26	1	0.42	26		186
28	2	0.84	56		82, 133
29	1	0.42	29		3
30	1	0.42	30		65
31	1	0.42	31		107
33	1	0.42	33		59
34	3	1.27	102		4, 121, 122
38	1	0.42	38		78
40	3	1.27	120		118, 119, 149
41	1	0.42	41		54
44	1	0.42	44		97
45	2	0.84	90		98, 100
46	1	0.42	46		150
50	2	0.84	100		60, 62
51	1	0.42	51		101
74	1	0.42	74		147
Total	237 of 237	99.96	1911 of 1,911

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	237	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	90
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	600	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	1911
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	8.06	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	3.19
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	2.53	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	37.97 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	245.74	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	4,914,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	270.55	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00039
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	95.29%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	15,553.02
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	n.a.	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	38,882.56

Remarks

References

^ Karayotov, Ivan (2009), The coinage of Mesambria. Vol. II. Bronze coins of Mesambria, Burgas.
^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.