Malaca, bronze, 1/4 units (ca 4.3g) (Vulcan/temple tetrastyle) (100-40 BCE)
From SILVER
100 BCE - 40 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | (Punic).Head of Vulcan to the right, behind pincers and Punic legend type B |
| Reverse: | Tetrastyle temple |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Malaca | Ancient region: | Hispania Ulterior | Modern country: Spain | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 100 BCE | to | 40 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 4.00 | Denomination: | quadrans
|
Standard: |
Image
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References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Campo - Mora-Serrano 1995, p. 269-275, n° 241-269 (Period III, Series 5) and p. 283, n° 310-313 (Series 6) | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2ACIP, n° 792-795 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 6 | 27.27 | 6 | 6.59 | 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 16 |
| 2 | 6 | 27.27 | 12 | 13.19 | 4, 11, 13, 14, 6/2, 6/4 |
| 3 | 3 | 13.64 | 9 | 9.89 | 5, 15, 6/1 |
| 4 | 2 | 9.09 | 8 | 8.79 | 9, 6/3 |
| 5 | 1 | 4.55 | 5 | 5.49 | 1 |
| 10 | 1 | 4.55 | 10 | 10.99 | 2 |
| 11 | 1 | 4.55 | 11 | 12.09 | 3 |
| 14 | 1 | 4.55 | 14 | 15.38 | 18 |
| 16 | 1 | 4.55 | 16 | 17.58 | 17 |
| Total | 22 of 22 | 100.02 | 91 of 91 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 22 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 6 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 28 | Number of coins (n) | 91 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 4.14 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 3.25 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.27 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 27.27 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 25.43 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 508,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 29.01 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00018 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 93.41% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 7,156.9 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 17,892.25 |
Remarks
