Locri Epizephyrii (Timoleon), bronze, hemilitrae (Zeus/Eagle with closed wings) (344-318 BCE)
From SILVER
344 BCE - 318 BCE Bronze
Description
| Obverse: | Laureate head of Zeus r. |
| Reverse: | Eagle standing l., on rocks, wings closed |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Locri Epizephyrii | Ancient region: | Bruttium | Modern country: Italy | Authority: | Timoleon (Greek statesman and general, c. 345-337 BC) |
Chronology
| From | 344 BCE | to | 318 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC  , Classical 480-323 BC
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Bronze
|
Median weight in grams | 10.50 | Denomination: | hemilitron | Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Spinelli 2019, Group 3, p. 107-112 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HN Italy, n° 2352, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3HGC 1, n° 1583 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 1 | 15 | 50 | 15 | 23.81 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 27 |
| 2 | 6 | 20 | 12 | 19.05 | 8, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30 |
| 3 | 5 | 16.67 | 15 | 23.81 | 6, 9, 14, 25, 26 |
| 4 | 1 | 3.33 | 4 | 6.35 | 17 |
| 5 | 2 | 6.67 | 10 | 15.87 | 16, 22 |
| 7 | 1 | 3.33 | 7 | 11.11 | 21 |
| Total | 30 of 30 | 100 | 63 of 63 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 30 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 15 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 49 | Number of coins (n) | 63 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 2.1 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 1.29 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.63 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 46.86 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 937,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 57.27 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00007 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 76.19% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 2,688.86 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 6,722.15 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation No die-link but very low n/o ratio
References
- ^ Spinelli, Marianna (2019), La monetazione di Locri Epizefiri tra Magna Grecia, Sicilia e regni ellenistici, Pelorias 27, Messina, 220 p.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm
