Larissa, silver, drachms (facing head/horse) (369-353 BCE)
From SILVER
370 BCE - 353 BCE Silver 3,555 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of the nymph Larissa facing three quarters to left, adorned with ampyx, pendant earring and necklace |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΛΑΡΙΣ - ΑΙΩΝ (or similar) (Greek).Various types. Horse grazing right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Larissa | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thessaly | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 370 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 353 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 6.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Lorber 2024 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 4, n° 430-454 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 1 | 3.45 | 1 | 0.3 | 4 |
| 2 | 2 | 6.9 | 4 | 1.2 | 9, 27 |
| 3 | 2 | 6.9 | 6 | 1.81 | 11, 24 |
| 5 | 1 | 3.45 | 5 | 1.51 | 17 |
| 6 | 2 | 6.9 | 12 | 3.61 | 23, 26 |
| 7 | 2 | 6.9 | 14 | 4.22 | 14, 20 |
| 8 | 1 | 3.45 | 8 | 2.41 | 25 |
| 10 | 2 | 6.9 | 20 | 6.02 | 8, 21 |
| 11 | 2 | 6.9 | 22 | 6.63 | 3, 6 |
| 12 | 2 | 6.9 | 24 | 7.23 | 2, 12 |
| 13 | 2 | 6.9 | 26 | 7.83 | 16, 22 |
| 15 | 1 | 3.45 | 15 | 4.52 | 19 |
| 16 | 1 | 3.45 | 16 | 4.82 | 10 |
| 17 | 3 | 10.34 | 51 | 15.36 | 13, 15, 18 |
| 18 | 1 | 3.45 | 18 | 5.42 | 28 |
| 19 | 1 | 3.45 | 19 | 5.72 | 1 |
| 20 | 2 | 6.9 | 40 | 12.05 | 5, 7 |
| 31 | 1 | 3.45 | 31 | 9.34 | 29 |
| Total | 29 of 29 | 100.04 | 332 of 332 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 29 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 66 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 332 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 11.45 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.03 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.28 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 3.45 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 29.14 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 582,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 31.78 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00057 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.7% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 22,786.55 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 3,555 kg <br /> 3,555 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 56,966.37 |
Remarks
Most likely two workstations Likely military
References
- ^ Lorber, Catharine C. (2024), "Die study on the middle facing head drachms of Thessalian Larissa," Notae Numismaticae, XIX, p. 35-80
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2014), Handbook of Greek Coinage Series 4. Northern and Central Greece : Achaia Phthiotis, Ainis, Magnesia, Malis, Oita, Perrhaibia, Thessaly, Akarnania, Aitolia, Lokris, Phokis, Boiotia, Euboia, Attica, Megaris and Corinthia, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, lxxi, 563 p.
