Lampsacus (Alexander the Great), gold, staters (Athena/Nike) (329-301 BCE)
From SILVER
329 BCE - 301 BCE Gold 189,006 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Helmeted head of Athena right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ (Greek).Nike standing left, holding wreath and stylis, monogram to left, amphora below left wing |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Lampsacus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Mysia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC), Philipp III Arrhidaeus (Argead king, 323-317 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 329 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 301 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.55 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Thompson 1991 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 6702-6707, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3Price 1991, n° 1357-1359, 1368, 1370, etc., "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]4RQEMH, n° 200, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]5HGC 3.1, n° 968 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 32 | 43.84 | 32 | 20 | 88, 89, 94, 95, 104, 107, 108, 173, 174, 180, 185, 186, 187, 189, 190, 191, 193, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 283, 287, 377, 430, 432, 433, 436, 438, 439 |
| 2 | 18 | 24.66 | 36 | 22.5 | 87, 90, 92, 96, 100, 102, 105, 177, 179, 184, 188, 285, 286, 376, 400, 431, 437, 440 |
| 3 | 10 | 13.7 | 30 | 18.75 | 91, 94, 97, 99, 181, 192, 194, 195, 199, 434 |
| 4 | 6 | 8.22 | 24 | 15 | 86, 101, 106, 175, 178, 182 |
| 5 | 5 | 6.85 | 25 | 15.63 | 85, 103, 183, 197, 435 |
| 6 | 1 | 1.37 | 6 | 3.75 | 176 |
| 7 | 1 | 1.37 | 7 | 4.38 | 98 |
| Total | 73 of 73 | 100.01 | 160 of 160 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 73 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 32 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 90 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 160 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.19 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.78 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.23 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 43.84 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 110.53 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,210,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 134.25 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00007 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 80% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,895.14 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 189,006 kg <br /> 189,006 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 7,237.85 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Thompson, Margaret (1991), Alexander's Drachm Mints. II : Lampsacus and Abydus, New York.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Price, Martin Jessop (1991), The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus: a British Museum Catalogue, 2 vol., Zürich-London, 637 p., 637 p., clix pl.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.
