Kili (Roman Republic), bronze, units (ca 11.3g) (head/horse) (150-100 BCE)
From SILVER
150 BCE - 100 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed male head right, ear of corn behind |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | (Iberian).Horseman right, holding palm, iberian legend GILI below |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Kili | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Hispania Citerior | Modern countryModern country: Spain | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 150 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 100 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 11.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | unit
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Ripollès 2017, p. 61-65 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2ACIP, n° 2058 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 32 | 1 | 33.33 | 32 | 18.5 | 1 |
| 41 | 1 | 33.33 | 41 | 23.7 | 3 |
| 100 | 1 | 33.33 | 100 | 57.8 | 2 |
| Total | 3 of 3 | 99.99 | 173 of 173 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 4 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 173 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 57.67 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 43.25 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 2.85 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 57,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00304 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 121,403.51 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 303,508.77 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Pau Ripollès, Pere Pau (2017), "Kili. An elusive Iberian mint," in L. Bricault, A. Burnett, V. Drost and A. Suspène (eds.), Rome et les provinces. Monnayage et histoire. Mélanges offerts à Michel Amandry, Bordeaux, Ausonius, p. 57-72.
- ^ Villaronga i Garriga, Leandre - Benages, Jaume (2011), Ancient Coinage of the Iberian Peninsula (Greek /Punic/Iberian/Roman), Barcelona, 801 p.
