H 20 - Vibo Valentia, bronze, sextans (192-189 BCE)
From SILVER
192 BCE - 189 BCE Bronze
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Apollo r., two pellets behind |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | VALENTIA (Latin).Lyre, two pellets r. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Vibo Valentia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bruttium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 192 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 189 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | sextans | StandardStandard.: |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Taliercio Mensitieri 19891 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear I2 , RQEMH3 , HN Italy4 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 4 | 23.53 | 4 | 3.88 | 21;92;101;138 |
2 | 1 | 5.88 | 2 | 1.94 | 22 |
3 | 1 | 5.88 | 3 | 2.91 | 36 |
4 | 3 | 17.65 | 12 | 11.65 | 81;116;168 |
5 | 3 | 17.65 | 15 | 14.56 | 17;37;38 |
8 | 1 | 5.88 | 8 | 7.77 | 62 |
10 | 1 | 5.88 | 10 | 9.71 | 18 |
13 | 1 | 5.88 | 13 | 12.62 | 19 |
18 | 2 | 11.76 | 36 | 34.95 | 20;72 |
Total | 17 of 17 | 99.99 | 103 of 103 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 17 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 20 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 103 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.06 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.15 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.18 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 23.53 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 18.28 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 365,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 20.36 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00028 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.12% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 11,269.15 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 28,172.87 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Taliercio Mensitieri, Marina (1989), La monetazione di Valentia, Rome, 132 p. and 23 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.