H 161 - Athens, silver, drachms (135-100 BCE)
From SILVER
135 BCE - 100 BCE Silver 5,682 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena Parthenos right, wearing crested Attic helmet with Pegasus, aplastron and front part of horses. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΑΘΕ (Greek).[[Reverse description::Owl standing to right, head facing, [month] on amphora]], [[Reverse description::A-ӨE above MH[T]PO [KAΛ?] ΔHMOΣ (magistrates' names) across field, grape bunch on vine in lower right field]], all within wreath. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Athens | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Attica | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 135 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 100 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.95 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Thompson 1961 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 2560, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 161 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 10 | 14.93 | 10 | 2.43 | 343, 370, 440X, 645, 646, 696, 734, 799, 852, 877 |
| 2 | 13 | 19.4 | 26 | 6.33 | 393, 460, 504, 578, 579, 594, 626, 628, 665, 685, 838, 837, 853 |
| 3 | 1 | 1.49 | 3 | 0.73 | 776 |
| 4 | 9 | 13.43 | 36 | 8.76 | 491, 506, 542, 595, 610, 627, 647, 733, 836 |
| 5 | 7 | 10.45 | 35 | 8.52 | 342, 373, 391, 392, 459, 810, 822 |
| 6 | 4 | 5.97 | 24 | 5.84 | 492, 523, 555, 878 |
| 7 | 5 | 7.46 | 35 | 8.52 | 345, 381, 747, 758, 800 |
| 8 | 4 | 5.97 | 32 | 7.79 | 358, 369, 505, 666 |
| 9 | 2 | 2.99 | 18 | 4.38 | 440, 722 |
| 10 | 2 | 2.99 | 20 | 4.87 | 473, 811 |
| 13 | 1 | 1.49 | 13 | 3.16 | 419 |
| 14 | 1 | 1.49 | 14 | 3.41 | 341 |
| 15 | 4 | 5.97 | 60 | 14.6 | 344, 356, 371, 402 |
| 17 | 1 | 1.49 | 17 | 4.14 | 357 |
| 21 | 1 | 1.49 | 21 | 5.11 | 372 |
| 23 | 1 | 1.49 | 23 | 5.6 | 411 |
| 24 | 1 | 1.49 | 24 | 5.84 | 394 |
| Total | 67 of 67 | 99.99 | 411 of 411 | 100.03 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 67 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 10 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 182 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 411 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.13 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.26 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.72 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 14.93 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 71.92 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,438,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 80.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00029 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 97.57% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 11,429.37 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 5,682 kg <br /> 5,682 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 28,573.41 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Thompson, Margaret (1961), The new style silver coinage of Athens, Numismatic Studies 10, New York, 2 vol.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
