Eusebeia? (Ariobarzanes III), silver, drachms (Ariobarzanes III/standing Athena) (44-42 BCE)
From SILVER
44 BCE - 42 BCE Silver 13,060 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Diademed head right. |
| Reverse: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ / ΑΡΙΟΒΑΡZΑΝΟΥ / EYΣEBOYΣ / ΦΙΛΟPOMAIOY (Greek).Athena standing left, holding Nike and spear, and resting hand upon shield, star and crescent to inner left, monogram to inner right, Θ (date) in exergue. |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Eusebeia | Ancient region: | Cappadocia | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: | Ariobarzanes III of Cappadocia (51-42 BCE), Cappadocian kingdom, Roman Republic |
Chronology
| From | 44 BCE | to | 42 BCE | Period: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 3.80 | Denomination: | drachma
|
Standard: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Miebach 2026, Type 35-41 and 47-48 | ||
| Coin series reference: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2HGC 7, n° 852 | ||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 3 | 22 | 15.07 | 66 | 11.76 | 168, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 188, 190, 195, 205, 210, 212, 218, 243, 245, 251, 261, 270, 279, 284, 299, 307 |
| 4 | 15 | 10.27 | 60 | 10.7 | 163, 167, 170, 187, 198, 208, 211, 220, 225, 226, 235, 255, 268, 282, 288 |
| 6 | 8 | 5.48 | 48 | 8.56 | 161, 165, 239, 263, 275, 285, 293, 306 |
| 7 | 3 | 2.05 | 21 | 3.74 | 280, 281, 297 |
| 10 | 3 | 2.05 | 30 | 5.35 | 217, 247, 253 |
| 11 | 4 | 2.74 | 44 | 7.84 | 213, 215, 241, 265 |
| 12 | 2 | 1.37 | 24 | 4.28 | 169, 267 |
| 13 | 3 | 2.05 | 39 | 6.95 | 166, 227, 238 |
| 1 | 35 | 23.97 | 35 | 6.24 | 176, 177, 181, 183, 184, 189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 207, 219, 224, 228, 230, 232, 242, 256, 259, 262, 266, 272, 274, 283, 287, 291, 292, 296, 303 |
| 2 | 30 | 20.55 | 60 | 10.7 | 178, 180, 182, 186, 191, 199, 206, 222, 223, 229, 231, 233, 240, 244, 248, 249, 250, 252, 257, 258, 260, 264, 273, 289, 294, 298, 300, 301, 302, 304 |
| 5 | 13 | 8.9 | 65 | 11.59 | 160, 179, 185, 209, 216, 221, 246, 271, 276, 278, 286, 290, 295 |
| 8 | 3 | 2.05 | 24 | 4.28 | 162, 214, 234 |
| 9 | 5 | 3.42 | 45 | 8.02 | 164, 237, 269, 277, 305 |
| Total | 146 of 146 | 99.97 | 561 of 561 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 146 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 35 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 182 | Number of coins (n) | 561 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 3.84 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 3.08 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 1.25 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 23.97 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 171.84 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 3,436,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 197.36 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00016 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 93.76% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 6,529.33 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 13,060 kg <br /> 13,060 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 16,323.32 |
Remarks
Certainly military
"Expression error: Missing operand for *." is not a number.
References
- ^ Miebach, Denise (2026), From the reorganization of Pompey up to the reign of Augustus. What can coinage contribute to our understanding of client kingdoms in central Asia Minor during the Late Hellenistic period?, Unpublished DPhil, Oxford.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), Handbook of Greek Coinages. 7. Coins of northern and Central Anatolia - Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, lykaonia, and Kappadokia (with Kolchis and the Kimmerian bosporos), Lancaster, lxxxii, 352 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
