Dia (Mithridates Eupator), bronze (8.2g) (Zeus/eagle on thunderbolt) (73-72 BCE)
From SILVER
73 BCE - 72 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Zeus right. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΔΙΑΣ (Greek).Eagle, with head right and wings spread, standing left on thunderbolt, monogram to left. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Dia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bithynia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Mithridates VI Eupator (king of the Pontic kingdom, c. 120-63 BC), Pontic kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 73 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 72 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.0 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetrachalkon
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | |||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1HGC 7, n° 453 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 2 | 3 | 16.67 | 6 | 2.22 | 1, 15, 18 |
| 3 | 2 | 11.11 | 6 | 2.22 | 4, 6 |
| 4 | 3 | 16.67 | 12 | 4.44 | 2, 9, 10 |
| 5 | 1 | 5.56 | 5 | 1.85 | 17 |
| 8 | 1 | 5.56 | 8 | 2.96 | 11 |
| 19 | 3 | 16.67 | 57 | 21.11 | 7, 8, 14 |
| 21 | 1 | 5.56 | 21 | 7.78 | 16 |
| 26 | 1 | 5.56 | 26 | 9.63 | 5 |
| 31 | 1 | 5.56 | 31 | 11.48 | 12 |
| 33 | 1 | 5.56 | 33 | 12.22 | 3 |
| 65 | 1 | 5.56 | 65 | 24.07 | 13 |
| Total | 18 of 18 | 100.04 | 270 of 270 | 99.98 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 18 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 116 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 270 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 15 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.33 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 6.44 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 17.77 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 355,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 19.29 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00076 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 30,388.29 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 75,970.74 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
References
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), Handbook of Greek Coinages. 7. Coins of northern and Central Anatolia - Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, lykaonia, and Kappadokia (with Kolchis and the Kimmerian bosporos), Lancaster, lxxxii, 352 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
