Cyme, silver, tetradrachms (165-140 BCE)
From SILVER
165 BCE - 140 BCE Silver 27,922 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Amazon Cyme to right with hair bound with ribbon. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | KYMAIΩN (Greek).Horse standing r., l. foreleg arched high in the air, below, one-handled cup. In exergue, OΛVMΠIOΣ. All within oak wreath |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Cyme | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Aeolis | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Attalid Kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 165 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 140 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Oakley 1982 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear I, n° 4183-4184, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMH, n° 216 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 17 | 21.52 | 17 | 3.17 | 15, 18, 26, 30, 33, 46, 7, 48, 54, 62, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73 |
| 2 | 9 | 11.39 | 18 | 3.35 | 25, 32, 35, 36, 37, 38, 45, 56, 60 |
| 3 | 8 | 10.13 | 24 | 4.47 | 14, 17, 27, 42, 43, 44, 50, 58 |
| 4 | 7 | 8.86 | 28 | 5.21 | 5, 20, 29, 64, 66, 76, 79 |
| 5 | 5 | 6.33 | 25 | 4.66 | 28, 65, 74, 77, 78 |
| 6 | 4 | 5.06 | 24 | 4.47 | 16, 49, 61, 63 |
| 7 | 3 | 3.8 | 21 | 3.91 | 9, 31, 34 |
| 8 | 2 | 2.53 | 16 | 2.98 | 10, 57 |
| 9 | 5 | 6.33 | 45 | 8.38 | 3, 7, 13, 24, 75 |
| 10 | 3 | 3.8 | 30 | 5.59 | 8, 39, 51 |
| 11 | 2 | 2.53 | 22 | 4.1 | 23, 41 |
| 13 | 1 | 1.27 | 13 | 2.42 | 40 |
| 14 | 4 | 5.06 | 56 | 10.43 | 6, 11, 52, 53 |
| 15 | 2 | 2.53 | 30 | 5.59 | 4, 19 |
| 16 | 2 | 2.53 | 32 | 5.96 | 12, 55 |
| 20 | 1 | 1.27 | 20 | 3.72 | 59 |
| 23 | 2 | 2.53 | 46 | 8.57 | 2, 21 |
| 32 | 1 | 1.27 | 32 | 5.96 | 22 |
| 38 | 1 | 1.27 | 38 | 7.08 | 1 |
| Total | 79 of 79 | 100.01 | 537 of 537 | 100.02 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 79 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 17 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 363 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 537 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.8 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.48 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 4.59 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 21.52 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 83.6 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,672,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 92.63 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00032 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 96.83% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 12,846.89 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 27,922 kg <br /> 27,922 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 32,117.22 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Oakley, John H. (1982), "The Autonomous Wreathed Tetradrachms of Kyme", American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, 27, p. 1-37, pl. 1-14
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
