Cos, silver, didrachms (Heracles/veiled female head) (365-355 BCE) Ingvaldsen
From SILVER
365 BCE - 355 BCE Silver 673 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Heracles right, bearded, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΚΩΙΟΝ (Greek).Female head left, wearing veil. (In the field, letters.) |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Cos | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Caria (islands) | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 365 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 355 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 7.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | didrachm
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
RQEM_ad_286.png "Paris, BnF, Fonds général 1184 (https" has not been listed as valid URI scheme.[Paris, BnF, Fonds général 1184 (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8523207c)]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Ingvaldsen 20021Ingvaldsen 2002, p. 223-228 (series IV) | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 4988, HGC 63HGC 6, n° 1304-1306, Stefanaki 20124Stefanaki 2012, p. 209-217, n° 537-711 (6.13) | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 17 | 1 | 20 | 17 | 11.81 | 5 |
| 19 | 2 | 40 | 38 | 26.39 | 2, 4 |
| 38 | 1 | 20 | 38 | 26.39 | 3 |
| 51 | 1 | 20 | 51 | 35.42 | 1 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 144 of 144 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 28 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 144 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 28.8 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5.14 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 5.6 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 4.81 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 96,200 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 5.18 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00150 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 59,875.26 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 673 kg <br /> 673 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 149,688.15 |
Remarks
Most likely two workstations
References
- ^ Ingvaldsen, Håkon (2002), Cos. Coinage and Society. The chronology and function of a city-state coinage in the Classical and Hellenistic period, c. 390 - c. 170 BC, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Oslo University.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, volume 6 : handbook of coins of the islands: Adriatic, Iionian, Thracian, Aegean, and Carpathian seas (excluding Crete and Cyprus), sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 358 p.
- ^ Stefanaki, Vassiliki E. (2012), Nomismata. Nomismatike Aigaiou : Kos I, Athens, 531 p.
