Colophon, silver, twelths (0.44g) (Apollo/quadripartite incuse square) (525-500 BCE)
From SILVER
525 BCE - 500 BCE Silver 1,644 kg
Description
| Obverse: | Archaic head of Apollo to left |
| Reverse: | Quadripartite incuse square punch |
Mint and issuing power
| Mint: | Colophon | Ancient region: | Ionia | Modern country: Turkey | Authority: |
Chronology
| From | 525 BCE | to | 500 BCE | Period: Archaic until 480 BC 
|
Physical description
| Metal: | Silver
|
Median weight in grams | 0.44 | Denomination: | 12th | Standard: |
Image
References
| Die study reference: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kim - Kroll 2008, p. 73-83 | ||
| Coin series reference: | |||
| Coin series web reference: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| Frequency ᵖ | Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coins (n) | % (n) | Die name |
| 2 | 36 | 26.47 | 72 | 20.63 | 1, 15, 18, 22, 23, 26, 31, 33, 41, 42, 47, 51, 52, 56, 59, 61, 65, 68, 74, 78, 83, 84, 86, 92, 93, 101, 103, 106, 107, 110, 111, 115, 116, 121, 123, 131 |
| 3 | 14 | 10.29 | 42 | 12.03 | 11, 14, 24, 27, 36, 46, 62, 66, 73, 77, 81, 102, 108, 117 |
| 4 | 9 | 6.62 | 36 | 10.32 | 29, 37, 40, 71, 76, 80, 85, 104, 122 |
| 5 | 8 | 5.88 | 40 | 11.46 | 3, 166, 50, 57, 64, 67, 69, 132 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.74 | 6 | 1.72 | 4 |
| 7 | 3 | 2.21 | 21 | 6.02 | 32, 35, 91 |
| 8 | 1 | 0.74 | 8 | 2.29 | 54 |
| 10 | 1 | 0.74 | 10 | 2.87 | 49 |
| 11 | 1 | 0.74 | 11 | 3.15 | 124 |
| 12 | 1 | 0.74 | 12 | 3.44 | 48 |
| 16 | 2 | 1.47 | 32 | 9.17 | 38, 39 |
| 1 | 59 | 43.38 | 59 | 16.91 | 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 17, 19, 20, 21, 25, 28, 30, 34, 43, 44, 45, 53, 55, 58, 60, 63, 70, 72, 75, 79, 82, 87, 88, 89, 90, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 109, 112, 113, 114, 119, 120, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133, 135, 136 |
| Total | 136 of 136 | 100.02 | 349 of 349 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obverses ᵖ (o) | 136 | Number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 59 |
| Number of reverse dies (r) | 135 | Number of coins (n) | 349 |
| Coins per obverse die (n/o) | 2.57 | Coins per reverse die (n/r) | 2.59 |
| Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o) | 0.99 | Percentage of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 43.38 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ᵖ | 186.79 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 3,735,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ᵖ (O) | 222.84 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ᵖ | 0.00009 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 83.09% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ᵖ | 3,736.82 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ᵖ | 1,644 kg <br /> 1,644 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ᵖ | 9,342.04 |
Remarks
Likely not military
References
- ^ Kim, Henry - Kroll, John H. (2008), "A Hoard of Archaic Coins of Colophon and Unminted Silver (CH I.3)," American Numismatic Journal, Second Series 20, p. 53–103.
