Colophon, silver, drachms (3.5g) (Apollo/cithara) (375-350 BCE)
From SILVER
375 BCE - 350 BCE Silver 427 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Apollo left, wearing laurel wreath. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΚΟΛΟΦΩ (Greek).Cithara. (In field, magistrate's name.) All within incuse square |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Colophon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Ionia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 375 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 350 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma
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StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kinns 1980, p. 562-564 (Period I, phase 2, AR IIB). | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 3 | 1 | 16.67 | 3 | 5.08 | 3 |
| 6 | 1 | 16.67 | 6 | 10.17 | 5 |
| 7 | 1 | 16.67 | 7 | 11.86 | 2 |
| 12 | 1 | 16.67 | 12 | 20.34 | 6 |
| 15 | 1 | 16.67 | 15 | 25.42 | 1 |
| 16 | 1 | 16.67 | 16 | 27.12 | 4 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.02 | 59 of 59 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 0 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 22 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 59 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 9.83 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.68 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3.67 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 0 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.1 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 122,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 6.68 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00048 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 100% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 19,344.26 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 427 kg <br /> 427 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 48,360.66 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Kinns, Philip (1980), Studies in the coinage of Ionia: Erythrae, Teos, Lebedus, Colophon, c. 400-30 B.C., unpublished PhD thesis, Cambridge University.
