Cnidus, silver, trihemiobols (head of lion/Aphrodite) (500-490 BCE)
From SILVER
500 BCE - 490 BCE Silver 363 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Lion's head right with jaws open and protruding tongue. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Head of Aphrodite right, with pearled hair in a sakkos, wearing necklace, all within incuse square. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Cnidus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Caria | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 500 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 490 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic until 480 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 1.80 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | trihemiobol
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | "[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Cahn 1970 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 3542, "[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]3RQEMAC, n° 235 | ||
| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 20 | 2 | 1.82 | 5, 7 |
| 2 | 2 | 20 | 4 | 3.64 | 8, 9 |
| 3 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 2.73 | 6 |
| 4 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 3.64 | 10 |
| 6 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 5.45 | 4 |
| 26 | 1 | 10 | 26 | 23.64 | 3 |
| 27 | 1 | 10 | 27 | 24.55 | 2 |
| 38 | 1 | 10 | 38 | 34.55 | 1 |
| Total | 10 of 10 | 100 | 110 of 110 | 100.02 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 10 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 22 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 110 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 11 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 5 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 20 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 10.08 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 201,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 11 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00055 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.18% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 21,825.4 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 363 kg <br /> 363 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 54,563.49 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Cahn, Herbert A. (1970), Knidos. Die Münzen des sechsten und des fünften Jahrhunderts v. Chr., Berlin, 245 p., 20 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
