Celenderis, silver, double sigloi (youth dismounting horse/goat) (410-375 BCE)

410 BCE - 375 BCE Silver 4,195 kg

Description

Obverse:	Nude youth, holding whip in right hand, dismounting from horse rearing right
Reverse:	KEΛ (Greek).Goat kneeling left, head right, KEΛ and ivy leaf above, Π to left, all within shallow incuse circle

Mint and issuing power

Mint:

Celenderis

Ancient region:

Cilicia

Modern country: Turkey

Authority:

Persian Empire

Chronology

From

410 BCE

to

375 BCE

Period: Classical ^{480-323 BC}

Physical description

Metal:

Silver

Median weight in grams

10.80

Denomination:

double siglos

Standard:

Persian

Image

]]S1797 Celenderis double siglos.jpg [1]

References

Die study reference:	"[[Die study reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]1Kraay 1962, p. 3-6
Coin series reference:	"[[Coin series reference" contains a listed "[" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.]]2Sear II, n° 5533-5535
Coin series web reference:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/celenderis kraay 1961 series i https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/celenderis kraay 1961 series ii https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/celenderis kraay 1961 series iii https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/celenderis kraay 1961 series iv

Obverse dies distribution

Frequency ^ᵖ	Number of obverses ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coins (n)	% (n)	Die name
1	9	52.94	9	12.16	4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17
2	2	11.76	4	5.41	6, 12
3	1	5.88	3	4.05	2
5	2	11.76	10	13.51	3, 13
7	1	5.88	7	9.46	7
9	1	5.88	9	12.16	1
32	1	5.88	32	43.24	11
Total	17 of 17	99.98	74 of 74	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obverses ^ᵖ (o)	17	Number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	9
Number of reverse dies (r)	14	Number of coins (n)	74
Coins per obverse die (n/o)	4.35	Coins per reverse die (n/r)	5.29
Reverse per obverse ratio (r/o)	0.82	Percentage of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	52.94 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula) ^ᵖ	19.42	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per die ^ᵖ	388,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula) ^ᵖ (O)	22.07	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per die ^ᵖ	0.00019
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	87.84%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000 ^ᵖ	7,621.01
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula) ^ᵖ	4,195 kg <br /> 4,195 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000 ^ᵖ	19,052.52

Remarks

Most likely one single workstation Likely military A die-study from a single hoard, so heavily partial. Probably one workstation, but see the graph, p. 6

References

^ Kraay, Colin M. (1962), "The Celenderis Hoard," Numismatic Chronicle, 7 (2), p. 1-16, pl. 1-2.
^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762