Carthage, electrum, staters (Tanit/horse) (320-310 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 8690


320 BCE - 310 BCE Electrum 250,065 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Tanit to left, wearing wreath of grain ears, triple-pendant earring and elaborate necklace
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Horse standing right, on ground line
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Carthage Ancient regionAncient region.: Zeugitana Modern countryModern country: Tunisia AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Carthaginian Empire
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 320 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 310 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Electrum http://nomisma.org/id/el Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 7.50 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: stater Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
H325 Carthage electrum stater.jpeg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Jenkins - Lewis 19631Jenkins - Lewis 1963, (série IV)
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: RQEMH2RQEMH, n° 325, Alexandropoulos 20073Alexandropoulos 2007, n° 9
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 39 75 39 56.52 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229
2 10 19.23 20 28.99 186, 188, 197, 202, 216, 218, 220, 226, 231, 232
3 2 3.85 6 8.7 199, 230
4 1 1.92 4 5.8 189
Total 52 of 52 100 69 of 69 100.01
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 52 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  39
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 49 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 69
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 1.33 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.41
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 0.94 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  75 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  166.71 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  3,334,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 211.06 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00002
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 43.48% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  827.78
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  250,065 kg <br /> 250,065 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  2,069.46
Remarks
Certainly military

References

  1. ^  Jenkins, Gilbert Kenneth - Lewis, Richard Boyes (1963), Carthaginian Gold and Electrum Coins, RNS 2, London, 140 p., 38 pl.
  2. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
  3. ^  Alexandropoulos, Jacques (2007), Les monnaies de l'Afrique antique (400 av. J.-C.-40 ap. J.-C.), Presses universitaires du Mirail, Toulouse, 507 p., 17 pl.